Given that only a few IAM scenarios incorporate DACCS , Chen and Tavoni, Strefler , b its possible role in cost- siberian husky huskyvengers marvel avengers dogs lover shirt optimized . scenarios is not yet fully explored. Given the technology’s early stage of development
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rules and regulations embrace equity, equality and poverty alleviation along .-consistent pathways and enables the building of adaptive capacity that together, will enable sustainable development and poverty reduction. The implementation of sound responses and strategies to enable a transition to . world would require strengthening governance and scaling up institutional capacities, particularly in developing countries . siberian husky huskyvengers marvel avengers dogs lover shirt Building on the characterization of governance in Section ., this section examines the necessary institutional capacity to implement actions to limit warming to . and adapt to the consequences. This takes into account a plurality of regional and local responses, as institutional capacity is highly context-dependent North, Lustick . Adaptation measures presented in qualitative terms include sectors, risks and vulnerabilities that are seen as priorities by the Parties. Sectoral coverage of adaptation actions identified in NDCs is uneven, with adaptation primarily reported to focus on the water sector of NDCs with adaptation component, agriculture , health , and biodiversityecosystems Pauw , b. Various assessment frameworks have been proposed to analyse, benchmark and compare NDCs, and indicate possible strengthening, based on equity and other indicators .There is large variation in conformityfulfilment with equity principles across NDCs and countries. Studies use assessment frameworks based on six effort sharing categories in the AR Clarke , with the principles of ‘responsibility’,
, Robiou du Pont . There is an important methodological gap in the assessment of the NDCs’ fairness and equity implications, partly due to lack of information on countries’ own assessments Winkler . Implementation of Article . of the Paris Agreement could reflect equity and the principle of ‘common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities’, due to different national circumstances and different interpretations of equity principles Accelerated and stronger short-term action and enhanced longer-term national ambition going beyond the NDCs would be needed for .-consistent pathways. Implementing deeper emissions reductions than current NDCs would imply action towards levels identified in Chapter , Section ., either as part of or over-delivering on NDCs. Box . exemplifies how multilevel governance has been used for watershed management in different basins, given the impacts on water sources Chapter , Section … Because of its effects on surface temperature, precipitation and surface shortwave radiation, SRM would also alter the carbon budget pathways to . or Eliseev, Keller , Keith , Lauvset . Ethical questions around SRM include those of international responsibilities for implementation, financing, compensation for negative effects, the procedural justice questions of who is involved in decisions, privatization and patenting, welfare, informed consent by affected publics, intergenerational ethics , and the so-called ‘moral hazard’ s . The literature shows low agreement on whether SRM research and deployment may lead policy-makers to reduce mitigation efforts and thus imply a moral hazard Linnér and Wibeck. SRM might motivate individuals to reduce their GHG emissions, but even a subtle difference in the articulation of information about SRM can influence subsequent judgements of favourability Merk . The argument that SRM research increases the likelihood of deployment the ‘slippery slope’ argument, is also made Quaas , but some also found an opposite effect . Table . gives an overview of SRM methods and characteristics. For a more comprehensive discussion of currently proposed SRM methods, and their implications for geophysical quantities and sustainable development, also see Cross-Chapter Box in this Chapter. This section assesses the feasibility, from an institutional, technological, economic and social-cultural viewpoint, focusing on stratospheric aerosol injection unless otherwise indicated, as most available literature is about SAI. Research and efforts by small-scale commercialization projects focus on utilization of captured CO Wilcox .
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