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holders and other named parties of activity that is inconsistent with the account holders’ usual banking patterns. the most powerful addition classroom poster 58 Alternatively, financial institutions could be included within the list of mandated reporters of elder abuse, as in Arizona,

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and make appropriate referrals to volunteer companion programs and the like . In addition, it has been argued that nurses have an ethical and often a legal responsibility the most powerful addition classroom poster to recognize and detect potential financial mistreatment and that gerontological nurses in particular can encourage the initiation of appropriate responses to financial abuse such as the establishment of a representative payee, a durable power of attorney, a trust, or a joint tenancy . It has also been recommended that when a person is diagnosed with a disorder that diminishes mental capacity (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease), health care providers should warn the patient and family members about the potential for financial abuse and provide practical suggestions on how to avoid such abuse (e.g., by having a cosigner on bank accounts) (Bernatz et al., 2001).

One physician has suggested that clinicians working with older people should consider including questions about financial affairs in their routine history and be particularly concerned when socially isolated and frail older people talk of unpaid bills, new friends who are visiting regularly and borrowing money, ongoing home renovations, or frequent large purchases . Along with the development of model programs, barriers limiting the banking industry’s participation in efforts to curb financial abuse of the elderly have also been identified. For example, bank employees may be hesitant to report customer financial information and potential financial exploitation because of privacy laws and confidentiality requirements that prohibit the disclosure of a client relationship or account information (Jackson, 2000; Tom, 2001; U.S. Congress, 2000).57 In response, advance directives have been designed that specifically permit banks to notify account