extended Hobbes’s argument that a rational interest in self-preservation necessitated lsu tigers football geaux tigers full printing ugly sweater the creation a domestic leviathan to the international realm, asserting that reason
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Kant’s work shows that even in the eighteenth century, debates about world government were alive and well, including arguments by radical political cosmopolitans such as Anacharsis Cloots lsu tigers football geaux tigers full printing ugly sweater (Jean-Baptiste du Val-de-Grace, baron de Cloots, 1755–1794), who used social contract theory to advocate the abolition of the sovereign states system in favor of a universal republic encompassing all humanity . Kant tried, in his Idea for a Universal History with a Cosmopolitan Purpose , to refute the claim that the development of the domestic state constituted a moral step backwards for humankind, by placing it and its trials “in the history of the entire species, as a steadily advancing but slow development of man’s original capacities” .
Nature employs the “unsociableness of men” to motivate moral progress; thus war is a means by which nature moves states “to take the step which reason could have suggested to them even without so many sad experiences—that of abandoning a lawless state of savagery and entering a federation of peoples in which every state, even the smallest, could expect to derive its security and rights not from its own power or its own legal judgment, but solely from this great federation , from a united power and the law-governed decisions of a united will” . This is the “inevitable outcome” of human history, a point Kant reiterated in Perpetual Peace , when he argued that rationality dictated the formation of “an international state , which would necessarily continue to grow until it embraced all the peoples of the earth” . In the eighteenth century, Charles Castel, Abbé de Saint-Pierre (1658–1743), in his Project for Making Peace Perpetual in Europe,
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